Ludeig von Bertalanffy
General systems theory
· Boundary maintenance, input or output regulation,
· Helping boundaries stay permeable and flexible so system can adapt to changing environment, enhancing
· Interrupting the system is a means of bringing about change
· Focus changed from linear causality to circular causality- the idea that events are related through a series of interacting loops or repeating cycles.
· A system may be in harmony with an environment, such a system may be said to be balanced or homeostatic.
· Key concepts: Set of elements standing in interaction. Each element is affected by whatever happens to any other element.
· System is only as strong as its weakest part. System is greater than sum of its parts. Boundaries are more or less permeable depending on the amount and type of feedback received.
· Systems can be either controlled (cybernetic) or uncontrolled.
· Communication is the exchange of information, while transaction involves the exchange of matter-energy.
Systems Theory (Jan 2018)
Ahmed-Mohamed, K. (2011). Social work practice and contextual systemic intervention: Improbability of communication between social work and sociology. Journal of Social Work Practice, 25(1), 5-15. doi:10.1080/02650530903549884
Bailey, K. D. (1994). Talcott parsons, social entropy theory, and living systems theory. Behavioral Science, 39(1), 25. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9410256488&site=ehost-live
Ball, R. A. (1978). Sociology and general systems theory. American Sociologist, 13(1), 65-72. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=4945451&site=ehost-live
Baralou, E., Wolf, P., & Meissner, J. O. (2012). Bright, excellent, ignored: The contribution of Luhmann's system theory and its problem of non-connectivity to academic management research. Historical Social Research, 37(4), 289-308. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=83459459&site=ehost-live
Branch, S., Homel, R., & Freiberg, K. (2013). Making the developmental system work better for children: Lessons learned implementing an innovative programme. Child & Family Social Work, 18(3), 294-304. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2012.00845.x
Cavalli, F., Naimzada, A., & Pireddu, M. (2016). Emergence of complex social behaviors from the canonical consumption model. Mind & Society, 15(1), 71-81. doi:10.1007/s11299-015-0169-9
Chase-Dunn, C., & Hall, T. D. (1994). The historical evolution of world-systems. Sociological Inquiry, 64(3), 257-280. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=9409080996&site=ehost-live
Clam, J. (2000). System's sole constituent, the operation: Clarifying a central concept of Luhmannian theory. Acta Sociologica (Taylor & Francis Ltd), 43(1), 63-79. doi:10.1080/00016990050079680
Davison, R. B., Hollenbeck, J. R., Barnes, C. M., Sleesman, D. J., & Ilgen, D. R. (2012). Coordinated action in multiteam systems. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(4), 808-824. doi:10.1037/a0026682
Fisher, A. T., & Sonn, C. C. (2008). Psychopolitical validity: Power, culture, and wellness. Journal of Community Psychology, 36(2), 261-268. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=30080789&site=ehost-live
Fitch, D., & Jagolino, N. C. (2012). Examining organizational functioning through the lens of complexity theory using system dynamics modeling. Journal of Social Service Research, 38(5), 591-604. doi:10.1080/01488376.2012.721285
Fuchs, C., & Collier, J. (2007). A dynamic systems view of economic and political theory. Theoria: A Journal of Social & Political Theory, (113), 23-52. doi:10.3167/th.2007.5411303
GALTUNG, J. (2010). Peace studies and conflict resolution: The need for transdisciplinarity. Transcultural Psychiatry, 47(1), 20-32. doi:10.1177/1363461510362041
Ganong, L., Coleman, M., Jamison, T., & Feistman, R. (2015). Divorced mothers' coparental boundary maintenance after parents repartner. Journal of Family Psychology, 29(2), 221-231. doi:10.1037/fam0000064
García Selgas, F. J. (2015). Three general theoretical models in sociology: An articulated "(dis)unity". Revista Española De Investigaciones Sociologicas, (151), 65-81. doi:10.5477/cis/reis.151.65
Germain, C., B. (1978). General-systems theory and ego psychology: An ecological perspective. Social Service Review, 52(4), 535-550. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=2271&site=ehost-live
Gove, W. R. (1995). Is sociology the integrative discipline in the study of human behavior? Social Forces, 73(4), 1197. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9508060133&site=ehost-live
Greene, R. R., & Blundo, R. G. (1999). Postmodern critique of systems theory in social work with the aged and their families. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 31(3), 87-100. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=69563&site=ehost-live
Greenfield, E. A. (2011). Developmental systems theory as a conceptual anchor for generalist curriculum on human behavior and the social environment. Social Work Education, 30(5), 529-540. doi:10.1080/02615479.2010.503237
Grimes, P. E. (2017). Evolution and world-systems: Complexity, energy, and form. Journal of World-Systems Research, 23(2), 678-732. doi:10.5195/JWSR.2017.728
Grow, A., Flache, A., & Wittek, R. (2015). An agent-based model of status construction in task focused groups. Journal of Artificial Societies & Social Simulation, 18(2), 1-1. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=102049211&site=ehost-live
Gupta, R., & Pillai, V. K. (2000). Caregiver burden in south Asian families: A systems theory perspective. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 9(1), 41-53. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=24235191&site=ehost-live
Hock, K., & Huber, R. (2007). Effects of fighting decisions on formation and structure of dominance hierarchies. Marine & Freshwater Behaviour & Physiology, 40(1), 45-61. doi:10.1080/10236240701237932
Hruschak, V., & Cochran, G. (2017). Psychosocial and environmental factors in the prognosis of individuals with chronic pain and comorbid mental health. Social Work in Health Care, 56(7), 573-587. doi:10.1080/00981389.2017.1326074
Itzhaky, H., Zanbar, L., Levy, D., & Schwartz, C. (2015). The contribution of personal and community resources to well-being and sense of belonging to the community among community activists. British Journal of Social Work, 45(6), 1678-1698. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bct176
Kearney, J. (2012). In the loop: A systemic approach to re-thinking the child protection system. Social Work & Social Sciences Review, 16(3), 7-19. doi:10.1921/3403160302
Keiding, T. B. (2010). Observing participating observation--A re-description based on systems theory. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 11(3), 1-19. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=58650786&site=ehost-live
KihlströM, A. (2012). Luhmann's system theory in social work: Criticism and reflections. Journal of Social Work, 12(3), 287-299. doi:10.1177/1468017310386425
Levy, D., Shlomo, S. B., & Itzhaky, H. (2014). The ‘Building blocks’ of professional identity among social work graduates. Social Work Education, 33(6), 744-759. doi:10.1080/02615479.2014.883600
Luhmann, N. (1977). Differentiation of society. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 2(1), 29-53. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=13965427&site=ehost-live
Lyon, C., & Parkins, J. R. (2013). Toward a social theory of resilience: Social systems, cultural systems, and collective action in transitioning forest-based communities. Rural Sociology, 78(4), 528-549. doi:10.1111/ruso.12018
Michailakis, D., & Schirmer, W. (2014). Social work and social problems: A contribution from systems theory and constructionism. International Journal of Social Welfare, 23(4), 431-442. doi:10.1111/ijsw.12091
Minahan, A., & Pincus, A. (1977). Conceptual framework for social work practice. Social Work, 22(5), 347-352. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=5271341&site=ehost-live
Moore, M. A. (2016). Taking a timeout to ensure well-being: Social work involvement in college sports. Social Work, 61(3), 267-269. doi:10.1093/sw/sww020
Munro, E., & Hubbard, A. (2011). A systems approach to evaluating organisational change in children's social care. British Journal of Social Work, 41(4), 726-743. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcr074
Palombo, J. (2013). The self as a complex adaptive system part II: Levels of analysis and the position of the observer. Psychoanalytic Social Work, 20(2), 115-133. doi:10.1080/15228878.2012.761113
Payne, M. (2002). The politics of systems theory within social work. Journal of Social Work, 2(3), 269-292. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=9960120&site=ehost-live
Peirson, L. J., Boydell, K. M., Ferguson, H. B., & Ferris, L. E. (2011). An ecological process model of systems change. American Journal of Community Psychology, 47(3), 307-321. doi:10.1007/s10464-010-9405-y
Perlmutter, F. (1972). Systems theory and organization change: A case study. Sociological Inquiry, 42(2), 109-122. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=13794049&site=ehost-live
Radosavljevic, M. (2008). Autopoiesis vs. social autopoiesis: Critical evaluation and implications for understanding firms as autopoietic social systems. International Journal of General Systems, 37(2), 215-230. doi:10.1080/03081070701251018
Randle, J. M., Stroink, M. L., & Nelson, C. H. (2015). Addiction and the adaptive cycle: A new focus. Addiction Research & Theory, 23(1), 81-88. doi:10.3109/16066359.2014.942295
Robards, K. J., & Gillespie, D. F. (2000). Revolutionizing the social work curriculum: Adding modeling to the systems paradigm. Journal of Social Work Education, 36(3), 561-572. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=3629004&site=ehost-live
Rubin, G. K. (1973). General systems theory: An organismic conception for teaching modalities of social work intervention. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 43(3), 206-219. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=1001.190&site=ehost-live
Ruch, G., Lees, A., & Prichard, J. (2014). Getting beneath the surface: Scapegoating and the systems approach in a post-Munro world. Journal of Social Work Practice, 28(3), 313-327. doi:10.1080/02650533.2014.925864
Sawyer, R. K. (2001). Emergence in sociology: Contemporary philosophy of mind and some implications for sociological theory¹. American Journal of Sociology, 107(3), 551. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=6749101&site=ehost-live
Schermer, V. L. (2012). Group-as-a-whole and complexity theories: Areas of convergence. Part I: Background and literature review. Group Analysis, 45(3), 275-288. doi:10.1177/0533316412453701
Schermer, V. L. (2012). Group-as-a-whole and complexity theories: Areas of convergence. Part II: Application to group relations, group analysis, and systems centered therapy. Group Analysis, 45(4), 481-497. doi:10.1177/0533316412453918
Schirmer, W., & Michailakis, D. (2016). Loneliness among older people as a social problem: The perspectives of medicine, religion and economy. Ageing & Society, 36(8), 1559-1579. doi:10.1017/S0144686X15000999
Sliz, A., & Szczeoaiski, M. S. (2015). A genealogy of sociological Theories—An attempt at general reflection. Polish Sociological Review, (191), 355-379. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=110183370&site=ehost-live
Steiner, S., Wagaman, M. A., & Lal, P. (2014). Thinking spatially: Teaching an undervalued practice skill. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 34(4), 427-442. doi:10.1080/08841233.2014.933755
Stichweh, R. (2000). Systems theory as an alternative to action theory? The rise of `Communication' as a theoretical option. Acta Sociologica (Taylor & Francis Ltd), 43(1), 5-13. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=2948938&site=ehost-live
Thornhill, C. (2010). Niklas Luhmann and the sociology of the Constitution. Journal of Classical Sociology, 10(4), 315-337. doi:10.1177/1468795X10385181
Thygesen, N. T. (2012). The 'polycronic' effects of management by objectives - a system theoretical approach. Tamara Journal for Critical Organization Inquiry, 10(3), 21-32. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=87911974&site=ehost-live
Villadsen, K. (2008). ‘Polyphonic’ welfare: Luhmann's systems theory applied to modern social work. International Journal of Social Welfare, 17(1), 65-73. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2007.00504.x
von Schlippe, A., & Frank, H. (2013). The theory of social systems as a framework for understanding family businesses. Family Relations, 62(3), 384-398. doi:10.1111/fare.12010
Walton, M. (2016). Setting the context for using complexity theory in evaluation: Boundaries, governance and utilisation. Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate & Practice, 12(1), 73-89. doi:10.1332/174426415X14298726247211
Warren, K., Franklin, C., & Streeter, C. L. (1998). New directions in systems theory: Chaos and complexity. Social Work, 43(4), 357-372. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=swh&AN=65110&site=ehost-live
Welsh, M. (2014). Resilience and responsibility: Governing uncertainty in a complex world. Geographical Journal, 180(1), 15-26. doi:10.1111/geoj.12012
Yogev, H. (2012). Me–Us: Complex psychological variable response to Schermer’s ‘Group-as-a-whole theory and complexity: The edge of chaos, self-organization, and emergence in groups parts I and II’. Group Analysis, 45(4), 536-541. doi:10.1177/0533316412462211
The University of North Carolina at Pembroke
1 University Drive
Pembroke, NC 28372-1510
910.521.6000
PO Box 1510
Pembroke, NC 28372-1510