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Social Belonging for Student Success (SBSS) Task Force Bibliography: Articles

Teresa D. LaFromboise

Teresa D. LaFromboise
Professor
Developmental and Psychological Sciences
Stanford Graduate School of Education

Chair
Native American Studies
Center for Comparative Study of Race and Enthicity
Stanford University

Further Reading

Akee, R. Q., & Yazzie-Mintz, T. (2011). "Counting experience" among the least counted: The role of cultural and community engagement on educational outcomes for American Indian, Alaska native, and native Hawaiian students. American Indian Culture & Research Journal, 35(3), 119-150. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=66736134&site=ehost-live

Permanent Link: http://uclajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.17953/aicr.35.3.c4xu43p5160m2jtn

Guillory, R. M. (2009). American Indian/Alaska native college student retention strategies. Journal of Developmental Education, 33(2), 14-16,. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ897631&site=ehost-live

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Lowe, S. C. (2005). This is who I am: Experiences of Native American students. New Directions for Student Services, 2005(109), 33-40. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=16381410&site=ehost-live

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Stephens, N. M., Fryberg, S. A., Markus, H. R., Johnson, C. S., & Covarrubias, R. (2012). Unseen disadvantage: How American universities' focus on independence undermines the academic performance of first-generation college students. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1178-1197. doi:10.1037/a0027143ID: 2012-05827-001

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Thompson, M. N., Johnson-Jennings, M., & Nitzarim, R. S. (2013). Native American undergraduate students' persistence intentions: A psychosociocultural perspective. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19(2), 218-228. doi:10.1037/a0031546ID: 2013-14946-007

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Articles

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Allen, J., Robbins, S. B., Casillas, A., & Oh, I. (2008). Third-year college retention and transfer: Effects of academic performance, motivation, and social connectedness. Research in Higher Education, 49(7), 647-664. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ804937&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11162-008-9098-3

Alloway, T. P., Horton, J., Alloway, R. G., & Dawson, C. (2013). Social networking sites and cognitive abilities: Do they make you smarter? Computers & Education, 63, 10-16. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.030

Aronson, J., Fried, C., & Good, C. (2002). Reducing the effects of stereotype threat on African American college students by shaping theories of intelligence. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(2), 113-125. doi:10.1006/jestp.2001.1491

Awang, M. M., Ahmad, A. R., Bakar, N. A., Ghani, S. A., Yunus, A. N. M., Ibrahim, M. A. H., . . . Rahman, M. J. A. (2013). Students' attitudes and their academic performance in nationhood education. International Education Studies, 6(11), 21-28. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1068743&site=ehost-live

Baumeister, R., & Leary, M. (1995). The need to belong - desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human-motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497

Baumeister, R., Twenge, J., & Nuss, C. (2002). Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 817-827. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.817

Belangee, S., Bluvshtein, M., & Haugen, D. (2015). Cybersocial connectedness: A survey of perceived benefits and disadvantages of social media use. Journal of Individual Psychology, 71(2), 122-134. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=103721597&site=ehost-live

Berkman, L., & Syme, S. (1979). Social networks, host-resistance, and mortality - 9-year follow-up-study of alameda county residents. American Journal of Epidemiology, 109(2), 186-204.

Bickerstaff, S., Barragan, M., Rucks-Ahidiana, Z., & Columbia University, Community College,Research Center. (2012). "I came in unsure of everything": Community college students' shifts in confidence. CCRC working paper no. 48. ().Community College Research Center, Columbia University. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED536666&site=ehost-live

Blackwell, L. S., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Dweck, C. S. (2007). Implicit theories of intelligence predict achievement across an adolescent transition: A longitudinal study and an intervention. Child Development, 78(1), 246-263. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.00995.x

Booker, K. (2016). Connection and commitment: How sense of belonging and classroom community influence degree persistence for African American undergraduate women. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 28(2), 218-229. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1111140&site=ehost-live

Brooman, S., & Darwent, S. (2014). Measuring the beginning: A quantitative study of the transition to higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 39(9), 1523-1541. doi:10.1080/03075079.2013.801428

Buckingham, J. T., Weber, A. M., & Sypher, A. K. (2012). Self-esteem and self-perpetuating effects of threat on contingencies of self-worth. Self & Identity, 11(3), 360-385. doi:10.1080/15298868.2011.591537

Carrera, S. G., & Wei, M. (2017). Thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and depression among Asian Americans: A longitudinal study of interpersonal shame as a mediator and perfectionistic family discrepancy as a moderator. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64(3), 280-291. doi:10.1037/cou0000199

Cheung, C., Cheung, H. Y., & Hue, M. (2017). Educational contributions to students’ belongingness to the society, neighbourhood, school and family. International Journal of Adolescence & Youth, 22(2), 226-237. doi:10.1080/02673843.2016.1157827

Cicognani, E., Menezes, I., & Nata, G. (2011). University students' sense of belonging to the home town: The role of residential mobility. Social Indicators Research, 104(1), 33-45. doi:10.1007/s11205-010-9716-2

Cohen, G. L., Garcia, J., Apfel, N., & Master, A. (2006). Reducing the racial achievement gap: A social-psychological intervention. Science, 313(5791), 1307-1310. doi:10.1126/science.1128317

Cohen, G. L., Garcia, J., Purdie-Vaughns, V., Apfel, N., & Brzustoski, P. (2009). Recursive processes in self-affirmation: Intervening to close the minority achievement gap. Science, 324(5925), 400-403. doi:10.1126/science.1170769

Cohen, S., & Janicki-Deverts, D. (2009). Can we improve our physical health by altering our social networks? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(4), 375-378.

Cole, S., Kemeny, M., & Taylor, S. (1997). Social identity and physical health: Accelerated HIV progression in rejection-sensitive gay men. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(2), 320-335. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.2.320

Coleman, S., & Stevenson, H. C. (2013). The racial stress of membership: Development of the faculty inventory of racialized experiences in schools. Psychology in the Schools, 50(6), 548-566. doi:10.1002/pits.21693

Covarrubias, R., & Fryberg, S. A. (2015). The impact of self-relevant representations on school belonging for Native American students. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21(1), 10-18. doi:10.1037/a0037819

Crocker, J., & Wolfe, C. (2001). Contingencies of self-worth. Psychological Review, 108(3), 593-623. doi:10.1037//0033-295X.108.3.593

Dukakis, K., Duong, N., Ruiz, d. V., Henderson, J., & Stanford University, John W Gardner Center for Youth and,Their Communities. (2014). College access and completion among boys and young men of color: Literature review of promising practices. ().John W. Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED573658&site=ehost-live

Eisenberger, N., Lieberman, M., & Williams, K. (2003). Does rejection hurt? an fMRI study of social exclusion. Science, 302(5643), 290-292. doi:10.1126/science.1089134

Flynn, M. A., Everett, J. W., & Whittinghill, D. (2016). The impact of a living learning community on first-year engineering students. European Journal of Engineering Education, 41(3), 331-341. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1099100&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2015.1059408

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Gail Thomas, B., & Hanson, J. (2014). Developing social integration to enhance student retention and success in higher education Open University, Centre for Widening Participation. doi:10.5456/WPLL.16.3.58

Garcia, L. D., & Tierney, W. G. (2011). Undocumented immigrants in higher education: A preliminary analysis. Teachers College Record, 113(12), 2739-2776. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=70590500&site=ehost-live

Gonzales, S. M., Brammer, E. C., & Sawilowsky, S. (2015). Belonging in the academy: Building a "casa away from casa" for Latino/a undergraduate students. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 14(3), 223-239. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1063625&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538192714556892

Gore, J. S., Wilburn, K. R., Treadway, J., & Plaut, V. (2011). Regional collectivism in Appalachia and academic attitudes. Cross-Cultural Research, 45(4), 376-398. doi:10.1177/1069397111403396

Hagenauer, G., & Volet, S. E. (2014). Teacher–student relationship at university: An important yet under-researched field. Oxford Review of Education, 40(3), 370-388. doi:10.1080/03054985.2014.921613

Hernández, M. M., Robins, R. W., Widaman, K. F., & Conger, R. D. (2016). School belonging, generational status, and socioeconomic effects on Mexican-origin children's later academic competence and expectations. Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell), 26(2), 241-256. doi:10.1111/jora.12188

Hill, W., & Woodward, L. S. (2013). Examining the impact learning communities have on college of education students on an urban campus. Journal of College Student Development, 54(6-), 643-648. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1018118&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2013.0085

Hougaard, N. B. (2013). Making sense of the community college: Interrogating belongingness. Outlines: Critical Practice Studies, 14(2), 29-53. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=97891346&site=ehost-live

Huyge, E., Van Maele, D., & Van Houtte, M. (2015). Does students' machismo fit in school? clarifying the implications of traditional gender role ideology for school belonging. Gender & Education, 27(1), 1-18. doi:10.1080/09540253.2014.972921

Idler, E., & Benyamini, Y. (1997). Self-rated health and mortality: A review of twenty-seven community studies. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 38(1), 21-37. doi:10.2307/2955359

Jamieson, J. P., Mendes, W. B., Blackstock, E., & Schmader, T. (2010). Turning the knots in your stomach into bows: Reappraising arousal improves performance on the GRE. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(1), 208-212. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2009.08.015

Johnson, D. E. (2012). Considering shame and its implications for student learning. College Student Journal, 46(1), 3-17. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=73951011&site=ehost-live

Kennedy, G. J., & Tuckman, B. W. (2013). An exploration into the influence of academic and social values, procrastination, and perceived school belongingness on academic performance. Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, 16(3), 435-470. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1039387&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11218-013-9220-z

Lane, F. C., Martin, G. L., & Thompson, K. (2015). Distinguishing differences in the academic motivation of entering and persisting transfer students. Journal of the First-Year Experience & Students in Transition, 27(2), 9-27. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1102905&site=ehost-live; http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/fyesit/fyesit/2015/00000027/00000002/art00001

Lapan, R. T., Wells, R., Petersen, J., & McCann, L. A. (2014). Stand tall to protect students: School counselors strengthening school connectedness. Journal of Counseling & Development, 92(3), 304-315. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00158.x

Lemberger, M. E., & Clemens, E. V. (2012). Connectedness and self-regulation as constructs of the student success skills program in inner-city African American elementary school students. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(4), 450-458. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2012.00056.x

Lemberger, M. E., Selig, J. P., Bowers, H., & Rogers, J. E. (2015). Effects of the student success skills program on executive functioning skills, feelings of connectedness, and academic achievement in a predominantly Hispanic, low-income middle school district. Journal of Counseling & Development, 93(1), 25-37. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2015.00178.x

Lester, L., Waters, S., & Cross, D. (2013). The relationship between school connectedness and mental health during the transition to secondary school: A path analysis. Australian Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 23(2), 157-171. doi:10.1017/jgc.2013.20

Longwell-Grice, R., Adsitt, N. Z., Mullins, K., & Serrata, W. (2016). The first ones: Three studies on first-generation college students. NACADA Journal, 36(2), 34-46. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1135335&site=ehost-live

Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 111-131. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.111

Masika, R., & Jones, J. (2016). Building student belonging and engagement: Insights into higher education students' experiences of participating and learning together. Teaching in Higher Education, 21(2), 138-150. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1089904&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2015.1122585

Mataczynski, L. (2013). Advising and acculturation variables as predictors of satisfaction, sense of belonging, and persistence among international undergraduates Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED553858&site=ehost-live; http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3563948

Matthews, J. S., Banerjee, M., & Lauermann, F. (2014). Academic identity formation and motivation among ethnic minority adolescents: The role of the 'self' between internal and external perceptions of identity. Child Development, 85(6), 2355-2373. doi:10.1111/cdev.12318

Mendoza-Denton, R., Downey, G., Purdie, V., Davis, A., & Pietrzak, J. (2002). Sensitivity to status-based rejection: Implications for African American students' college experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 896-918. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.896

Misra, K., Grimes, P. W., & Rogers, K. E. (2013). The effects of community social capital on school performance: A spatial approach. Journal of Socio-Economics, 42, 106-111. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2012.11.011

Morrow, J. A., & Ackermann, M. E. (2012). Intention to persist and retention of first-year students: The importance of motivation and sense of belonging. College Student Journal, 46(3), 483-491. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ996948&site=ehost-live; http://www.projectinnovation.biz/csj_2006.html

Murphy, M. C., & Zirkel, S. (2015). Race and belonging in school: How anticipated and experienced belonging affect choice, persistence, and performance. Teachers College Record, 117(12), 1-40. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=113072026&site=ehost-live

Museus, S. D., & Maramba, D. C. (2010). The impact of culture on Flipino American students' sense of belonging. Review of Higher Education, 34(2), 231-258. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=60942229&site=ehost-live

Museus, S. D., Yi, V., & Saelua, N. (2017). The impact of culturally engaging campus environments on sense of belonging. Review of Higher Education, 40(2), 187-215. doi:10.1353/rhe.2017.0001

Musoba, G. D., Collazo, C., & Placide, S. (2013). The first year: Just surviving or thriving at an HSI. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 12(4), 356-368. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1019726&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538192713497222

 

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Newman, C. B., Wood, J. L., & Harris III, F. (2015). Black men's perceptions of sense of belonging with faculty members in community colleges. Journal of Negro Education, 84(4), 564-577. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=115260274&site=ehost-live

O'Keeffe, P. (2013). A sense of belonging: Improving student retention. College Student Journal, 47(4), 605-613. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1029294&site=ehost-live; http://www.projectinnovation.biz/csj_2006.html

Olsson, C., McGee, R., Nada-Raja, S., & Williams, S. (2013). A 32-year longitudinal study of child and adolescent pathways to well-being in adulthood. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(3), 1069-1083. doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9369-8

Ostrove, J. M., Stewart, A. J., & Curtin, N. L. (2011). Social class and belonging: Implications for graduate students' career aspirations. Journal of Higher Education, 82(6), 748-774. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=67123530&site=ehost-live

Overbaugh, R. C., & Nickel, C. E. (2011). A comparison of student satisfaction and value of academic community between blended and online sections of a university-level educational foundations course. Internet & Higher Education, 14(3), 164-174. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2010.12.001

Owens, J., & Lynch, S. M. (2012). Black and Hispanic immigrants’ resilience against negative-ability racial stereotypes at selective colleges and universities in the united states. Sociology of Education, 85(4), 303-325. doi:10.1177/0038040711435856

Patterson, S. W., Butler-Barnes, S., Perkins, J., & Walker Jr., T. A. (2017). Social belonging and college retention: Results from a quasi-experimental pilot study. Journal of College Student Development, 58(5), 777-782. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=124339487&site=ehost-live

Renshaw, T. L., Long, A. C. J., & Cook, C. R. (2015). Assessing adolescents' positive psychological functioning at school: Development and validation of the student subjective wellbeing questionnaire. School Psychology Quarterly, 30(4), 534-552. doi:10.1037/spq0000088

Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2017). The experienced psychological benefits of place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 51, 256-269. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.04.001

Sherman, D. K., Cohen, G. L., Nelson, L. D., Nussbaum, A. D., Bunyan, D. P., & Garcia, J. (2009). Affirmed yet unaware: Exploring the role of awareness in the process of self-affirmation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(5), 745-764. doi:10.1037/a0015451

Sidelinger, R. J., Bolen, D. M., Frisby, B. N., & McMullen, A. L. (2011). When instructors misbehave: An examination of student-to-student connectedness as a mediator in the college classroom. Communication Education, 60(3), 340-361. doi:10.1080/03634523.2011.554991

Sollitto, M., Johnson, Z. D., & Myers, S. A. (2013). Students' perceptions of college classroom connectedness, assimilation, and peer relationships. Communication Education, 62(3), 318-331. doi:10.1080/03634523.2013.788726

Soria, K. M., Stebleton, M. J., & Huesman, R. L., Jr. (2013). Class counts: Exploring differences in academic and social integration between working-class and Middle/Upper-class students at large, public research universities. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 15(2), 215-242. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1076264&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/CS.15.2.e

Soria, K. M., & Stubblefield, R. (2015). Knowing me, knowing you: Building strengths awareness, belonging, and persistence in higher education. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 17(3), 351-372. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1077879&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1521025115575914

Stebleton, M. J., Soria, K. M., Huesman, R. L., Jr., & Torres, V. (2014). Recent immigrant students at research universities: The relationship between campus climate and sense of belonging. Journal of College Student Development, 55(2), 196-202. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1032336&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2014.0019

Steele, C., Spencer, S., & Aronson, J. (2002). Contending with group image: The psychology of stereotype and social identity threat. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol 34, 34, 379-440. doi:10.1016/S0065-2601(02)80009-0

Sulé, V. T. (2016). Hip-hop is the healer: Sense of belonging and diversity among hip-hop collegians. Journal of College Student Development, 57(2), 181-196. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1095349&site=ehost-live; http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/csd/summary/v057/57.2.sule.html

Tachine, A. R., Cabrera, N. L., & Bird, E. Y. (2017). Home away from home: Native American students’ sense of belonging during their first year in college. Journal of Higher Education, 88(5), 785-807. doi:10.1080/00221546.2016.1257322 [available via document delivery]

Tett, L., Cree, V., & Christie, H. (2017). From further to higher education: Transition as an on-going process. Higher Education (00181560), 73(3), 389-406. doi:10.1007/s10734-016-0101-1

Thomas, J. C., Jr., Wolters, C., Horn, C., & Kennedy, H. (2014). Examining relevant influences on the persistence of African-American college students at a diverse urban university. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 15(4), 551-573. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1076285&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/CS.15.4.e

Tomás-Miquel, J., Expósito-Langa, M., & Nicolau-Juliá, D. (2016). The influence of relationship networks on academic performance in higher education: A comparative study between students of a creative and a non-creative discipline. Higher Education: The International Journal of Higher Education Research, 71(3), 307-322. Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1092393&site=ehost-live; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-015-9904-8

Toomey, T. L., Nelson, T. F., & Lenk, K. M. (2009). The age-21 minimum legal drinking age: A case study linking past and current debates. Addiction, 104(12), 1958-1965. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02742.x

Tovar, E. (2013). A conceptual model on the impact of mattering, sense of belonging, Engagement/Involvement, and socio-academic integrative experiences on community college students' intent to persist Retrieved from http://0-search.ebscohost.com.bravecat.uncp.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=ED552926&site=ehost-live; http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3557773

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